Muslim world - Wikipedia. The Muslim population of the world map by percentage of each country, according to the Pew Forum (assessed on 2. June 2. 01. 4). The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the unified Islamic community (Ummah), consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam,[1] or to societies where Islam is practiced.[2][3] In a modern geopolitical sense, these terms refer to countries where Islam is widespread, although there are no agreed criteria for inclusion.[4][3] Some scholars and commentators have criticised the term 'Muslim/Islamic world' and its derivative terms 'Muslim/Islamic country' as "simplistic" and "binary", since no state has a religiously homogeneous population (e. Egypt's citizens are c. Christian), and in absolute numbers, there are sometimes fewer Muslims living in countries where they make up the majority than in countries where they form a minority.[5][6][7] Hence, the term Muslim- majority countries is often preferred in literature.[8]The history of the Muslim world spans about 1.

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Islamic Golden Age.[citation needed] All Muslims look for guidance to the Quran and believe in the prophetic mission of Muhammad,[citation needed] but disagreements on other matters have led to appearance of different religious schools and branches within Islam. In the modern era, most of the Muslim world came under influence or colonial domination of European powers. The nation states that emerged in the post- colonial era have adopted a variety of political and economic models, and they have been affected by secular and as well as religious trends.[citation needed]As of 2. Muslims[9] including the 4% who live as minorities. By the percentage of the total population in a region considering themselves Muslim, 9. Middle East- North Africa (MENA),[1. Central Asia,[1. 1] 4.

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Southeast Asia,[1. South Asia,[1. 3][1. Sub- Saharan Africa,[1. Asia–Oceania,[1. 6] around 6% in Europe,[1. Americas.[1. 8][1.

History[edit]Muslim history involves the history of the Islamic faith as a religion and as a social institution. The history of Islam began in the Arabian Peninsula when the Islamic prophet. Muhammad allegedly received the first revelation of the Quran in the 7th century in the cave of Hira in the month of Ramadan. According to tradition, he was supposedly commanded by Allah to convey this message to the people, and to be patient with those hostile to it.

These included the leaders of the Quraysh, the ruling tribe of Mecca, who opposed the assertion of tawhid (monotheism) and abolishing what Muhammed branded "idolatry", meaning the worship of gods other than Allah at the Kaaba, such as Hubal and the goddesses al- Lāt, Al- ‘Uzzá and Manāt. After 1. 3 years of spreading this message, despite increased persecution by the Quraysh, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina to establish a new state under the prophet's leadership and away from persecution. This migration, called the Hijra, marks the first year of the Islamic calendar. Islam was then spread to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula over the course of Muhammad's life. After Muhammad died in 6.

Caliphs) continued to lead the Muslim community based on his teachings and guidelines of the Quran. Death Racers Movie Watch Online. The majority of Muslims consider the first four successors to be 'rightly guided' or Rashidun. The Rashidun Caliphate's conquestsspread Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula, stretching from northwest India, across Central Asia, the Near East, North Africa, southern Italy, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Watch Desert Dancer Online. The Arab Muslims were unable to conquer the entire Christian Byzantine Empire in Asia Minor, however. The succeeding Umayyad Caliphate attempted two failed sieges of Constantinople in 6. Meanwhile, the Muslim community tore itself apart into the rivalling Sunni and Shia sects since the killing of caliph Uthman in 6. The following First, Second and Third Fitnas and finally the Abbasid Revolution (7.

Muslims, who have been inhabiting multiple states ever since.[2. Subsequent empires dominated by Muslims, such as those of the Abbasids, Fatimids, Almoravids, Seljukids, Ajuran, Adal and Warsangali in Somalia, Mughals in the Indian subcontinent (India, Bangladesh, Afghanistan e. Safavids in Persia and Ottomans in Anatolia, were among the influential and distinguished powers in the world.

Muslim- majority states around the world, with vastly differing attitudes towards and political influences granted to, or restricted for, Islam from country to country. These have revolved around the question of Islam's compatibility with other ideological concepts such as secularism, nationalism (especially Arab nationalism and Pan- Arabism, as opposed to Pan- Islamism), socialism (see also Arab socialism and socialism in Iran), democracy (see Islamic democracy), republicanism (see also Islamic republic), liberalism and progressivism, feminism, capitalism and more. Classical culture[edit]The term "Islamic Golden Age" has been attributed to a period in history wherein science, economic development and cultural works in most of the Muslim- dominated world flourished.[2. The age is traditionally understood to have begun during the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun al- Rashid (7. House of Wisdom in Baghdad, where scholars from various parts of the world sought to translate and gather all the known world's knowledge into Arabic,[2. Abbasid caliphate due to Mongol invasions and the Siege of Baghdad in 1.

The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge. The major Islamic capital cities of Baghdad, Cairo, and Córdoba became the main intellectual centers for science, philosophy, medicine, and education.[2. During this period, the Muslim world was a collection of cultures; they drew together and advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Greek, Roman, Persian, Chinese, Indian, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations.[3. Ceramics[edit]Between the 8th and 1.

Islamic art, usually assuming the form of elaborate pottery.[3. Tin- opacified glazing was one of the earliest new technologies developed by the Islamic potters. The first Islamic opaque glazes can be found as blue- painted ware in Basra, dating to around the 8th century. Another contribution was the development of fritware, originating from 9th century Iraq.[3. Other centers for innovative ceramic pottery in the Old world included Fustat (from 9. Damascus (from 1. Tabriz (from 1. 47.

Literature[edit]The best known work of fiction from the Islamic world is One Thousand and One Nights (In Persian: hezār- o- yek šab > Arabic: ʔalf- layl- at- wa- l’- layla= One thousand Night and (one) Night) or *Arabian Nights, a name invented by early Western translators, which is a compilation of folk tales from Sanskrit, Persian, and later Arabian fables. The original concept is derived from a pre- Islamic Persian prototype Hezār Afsān (Thousand Fables) that relied on particular Indian elements.[3.

It reached its final form by the 1. All Arabian fantasy tales tend to be called Arabian Nights stories when translated into English, regardless of whether they appear in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights or not.[3. This work has been very influential in the West since it was translated in the 1.

Antoine Galland.[3. Imitations were written, especially in France.[3. Various characters from this epic have themselves become cultural icons in Western culture, such as Aladdin, Sinbad the Sailor and Ali Baba. A famous example of Arabic poetry and Persian poetry on romance (love) is Layla and Majnun, dating back to the Umayyad era in the 7th century. It is a tragic story of undying love much like the later Romeo and Juliet, which was itself said to have been inspired by a Latin version of Layla and Majnun to an extent.[3. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, the national epic of Iran, is a mythical and heroic retelling of Persian history.